冠状动脉平滑肌细胞和内皮细胞膜电位对冠状动脉血管紧张性的影响

冠状动脉平滑肌细胞和内皮细胞的膜电位对冠状动脉血管紧张性的调节具有极其重要的意义.平滑肌细胞和(或)内皮细胞的超极化可导致冠状动脉舒张,平滑肌细胞和(或)内皮细胞的去极化可导致冠状动脉收缩.各种不同因素刺激平滑肌细胞和(或)内皮细胞可使它们产生超极化或去极化的反应从而导致冠状动脉血管舒张或收缩.掌握这一机制可以在临床治疗当中很好的控制患者的冠状动脉血流.     

植物组织培养中细胞凋亡的初步研究

细胞凋亡是指由基因控制的、细胞遵循自身程序,主动结束生命的过程。现在,许多检测细胞凋亡的方法已经建立,还发现了许多凋亡相关基因和蛋白,并基本阐明了凋亡信号的转导途径。但这些成果多来自对动物的研究。本实验旨在培养愈伤组织,利用紫外线（UV）和过氧化氢（H2O2）诱导愈伤组织的细胞凋亡,通过苯酚品红染色观察,对植物愈伤组织细胞在凋亡过程中的形态变化（主要是细胞核的形态变化）进行初步的研究。结果显示：植物愈伤组织细胞凋亡的初期,染色质断裂、聚缩,并趋向贴附于核膜;中期,细胞核膨大、破裂;晚期,出现凋亡小体。另外,UV对植物愈伤组织诱导的效果比H2O2更好。     

X线激发纳米TiO2对胃癌细胞SGC-7901的杀伤作用

观察X线激发纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)后对体外培养的胃癌细胞SGC—7901在不同TiO2浓度下对细胞增殖的影响。探讨其可能的抑瘤机制。首先通过MTT法测定不同浓度TiO2对细胞增殖的影响。然后通过Western blot检测凋亡相关蛋白的表达变化。MTT结果显示,通过X线激发纳米TiO2后可对胃癌SGC—7901细胞的增殖产生明显的抑制作用,呈浓度相关性,当纳米TiO2浓度为0.25 mg/mL时抑制效果最明显(抑制率)。Western结果显示实验组与对照组相比凋亡相关蛋白Bax的表达显著上调。说明X线激发的纳米TiO2可抑制胃癌SGC—7901细胞的增殖,促进凋亡发生。     

基于多代理的车间作业计划研究

面对竞争激烈、动态多变和订单驱动的市场,企业的制造系统必须呈现出快速反应性和柔性化。而在车间的布局中多数企业按机群或成组技术来组织生产,这种传统单元模式无法根据任务的变化动态调整。结合Agent技术,通过模拟经济行为中的招投标机制,采用虚拟制造单元的方式来组织生产。根据以往研究文献不足,在任务计划时考虑任务前后工序之间联系,采用推-拉式招投标策略。在评标时考虑加工时间、加工成本和运输费用等因子,以完成整个任务的时间和成本最小为目标。最后以实例说明该方法的有效性。     

自发性静脉血栓栓塞症中实验室独立危险因素的新发现

发现与自发性静脉血栓栓塞症发生相关的实验室检测指标,对连续收集的48例既往无血栓病史的、首发的自发性静脉血栓栓塞症住院患者(以及48例未发生静脉血栓性疾病的住院患者做为对照组)进行实验室相关指标.包括:纤维蛋白原含量、白细胞计数、血小板计数和ABO血型的检测,并对这些实验室相关指标与自发性静脉血栓栓塞症的相关性分别进行单因素和多因素的统计学分析.结果单因素统计分析发现,纤维蛋白原含量和白细胞计数在血栓组与对照组间存在显著的差异(P＜0.05),而血小板计数和ABO血型在两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).对纤维蛋白原含量和白细胞计数与自发性静脉血栓栓塞症之间的相关性进行Logistic回归分析发现,纤维蛋白原含量和白细胞计数均为自发性静脉血栓栓塞症发生的独立危险因素,其OR值分别为纤维蛋白原含量2.17(95％ CI:1.306～3.608,p值=0.0028)和白细胞计数1.36(95％CI:1.074～1.719,p值=0.010 6).结论 纤维蛋白原含量和白细胞计数是自发性静脉血栓栓塞症的独立危险因素,通过与其他临床相关因素结合,可能有助于自发性静脉血栓栓塞症的预警和早期诊断.     

克隆猴在中国率先突破,到底靠的是什么?

 中国科学家孙强研究团队利用类似克隆羊多莉的体细胞克隆技术，在国际上率先获得了克隆猴的成功，这一成果于2018年1月25日发表在《Cell》上。本文回顾了克隆猴的技术流程和难点、体细胞克隆动物简史及国内外克隆猴不成功的历史，点评了克隆猴成功的关键和意义，指出需要更多的实验室来推动该技术的优化。     

Towards mass applications: A review on the challenges and developments in metallic bipolar plates for PEMFC

The industrial applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology have attracted tremendous capitals and research attention in the last ten years. However, there are still many bottlenecking problems before the progress triumphs. Among them, a core challenge is the improvement of bipolar plates (BPs). As a key component of PEMFC, the BPs undertake the crucial functions of distributing reactant gases and cooling medium, collecting the electricity generated, exporting waste products, etc. Due to the unique advantages of ultra-thin, high strength, easy-to-mass-produce, etc., metallic BPs have been considered as the promising solution for the automotive and aerospace application scenarios with a strong requirement of power density. However, many challenges remain to be conquered in metallic BPs to fully meet all the requirements in those industrial applications such as corrosion, toxic ion emission and fabrication. The aim of this work is to provide an overview of the important researches in recent years dealing with the most critical problems of metallic BPs before industrial applications. The future studying directions in material and processing methods development are also given towards the wide application of metallic BP PEMFCs.     

Use of aggregating cell cultures for toxicological studies

Summary Relatively simple techniques are now available which allow the preparation of large quantities of highly reproducible aggregate cultures from fetal rat brain or liver cells, and to grow them in a chemically defined medium. Since these cultures exhibit extensive histotypic cellular reorganization and maturation, they offer unique possibilities for developmental studies. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of these cultures in developmental toxicology. Aggregating brain cell cultures were exposed at different developmental stages to model drugs (i.e., antimitotic, neurotoxic, and teratogenic agents) and assayed for their responsiveness by measuring a set of biochemical parameters (i.e., total protein and DNA content, cell type-specific enzyme activities) which permit a monitoring of cellular growth and maturation. It was found that each test compound elicited a distinct, dose-dependent response pattern, which may ultimately serve to screen and classify toxic drugs by using mechanistic criteria. In addition, it could be shown that aggregating liver cell cultures are capable of toxic drug activation, and that they can be used in co-culture with brain cell aggregates, providing a potential model for complementary toxicological and metabolic studies.     

Covalent immobilization as a stimulus of cell wall composition changes

Covalent immobilization of yeast cells by an activated diamine spacer is accompanied by increased levels of cell wall proteins, lipids, amino sugars, amino acids and acid phosphatase leakage, and by altered composition of mannoproteins. The observed changes in cell wall composition are attributed to the effect of cell-solid surface contact.